Elevator air-brake system.



PATHNTED JULY 23,'1907.

SHEETS-SHEET 1.

` A. H. MBBGH. BLBVATOR AIR BRAKE SYSTEM.

APPLIOATIONHLBD A PB.. 6, 190B.

. Z HHUHHHHHIIMH nw FINA .9 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A. H. MERGE.

BLEVAI'R AIR BRAKE SYSTEM. APPLIQATION FILED Am. e, 1906.

@mm1 pto@ ALFRED H. Mexm-c.y

No. 960,996. .PATENTED 991.9599, 1997. .y

A. H. M9999. 'ELEVATOR AIR BRAKE SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED APB..6. 1906.

9 Sunnis- SHEET s.

SWU @y1/lo@ 1' ALFRED H. MEECH No. 860,986.Y

I A. EMERCE.' LEVATOR AIR BRAKE SYSTEM.

9 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

APPLIOATION FILED APB..6. 1906.

PATENTBD JULY 23, 1907.'` y A. H. MERGE. ELBVATOR AIR BRAKE SYS-TBM.

APPLIUATION FILED AYE. 1906.

v MM uw.` n www N0. 860.986. PATENTED JULY 23,1907.

A. H.,MEEGE. lELEVATOR lAIR BRAKE SYSTEM.

v APPLIUATION FILED Arms. 1906.

l 9 SHEETS-SHEET s. MIN 29 k7 Tlfn Us Moz.: ALFRED H` MEECH,

. GPUL neogeo PATENTBD JULY 23. 1907.

l A. H. MERCE. Y BLEVATOR AIR BRAKE SYSTEM.

APPLIUATION FILED APRS 190B.

power for the car when the braking levices are actuconnection with 'pneumatic means for applying the all times that he has at hand the power to care for any ALFRED H. Mii-ECH, 0F Cllk'llAB/f, NEW YORK'.

Etpeeicaton oi' Letters Patent.

resented. July 23, 1907.

,amiss-.oen sind Apre 5,1905. sensi no. 310,215.

To all lultiem z'i may concern:

Be it known tliz-it l, Atrium H. Menon, e cit" .en o i the United States, residing et lhethztm, in the eoenty of ColumbiaJ and Sttte of New York, have invented certain new and uselul improvements in ,vetor Air-Brake Systems, of which the following is fi. iul, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to elevator air brake systems, the seme being designed for the production oi such constructions, combinations and arrangements oi in strumentolities as will effectively prevent all dangerous consequences of accidents to elevators, or to the hoisting mechan :rn therefor, hy providing for :irresting the movement oi the enr und stopping the operotion of the hoisting mechanism, under all conditions oi: danger that are met with inactual commercial use.

One of the main objects of the invention is to provide means for automatically cutting off the propelling ated, whereby the hoisting mechanism is prevented from operating in opposition. to the restraining action of the brakes. I

Another object oi the invention is to provide auto- 'matic speed-controlled mechanism for throwing the braking devices into operetionns soon as the reo-ches a predetermined speed in either direction, the .le being so constructed and arranged tiret it at all timos ready for action, to provide for checking a. dem ousl),r high rate oi speeti ol' the ear in either dir( without the necessity for resetting titer one operati A further object oi the intention is to previo-e ineens for preventing the operation oi the oor-.trolling nie^li anism for the propelling power While the larelres c applied, whereby the brakes may he utilised e mezins for securely locking the car at any loor, for purposes of loadingend unloading the car, or et other point, without danger of interference from' the hoisting mechanism, and without strain upon the hoisti es bles or other part of the hoisting mecliiner' i A further object of the invention is to provide, .in en elevator air broke system, Ineens for automaticallyout ting oft the propelling motor for the car e en the prf-ef sure for the air brakes falls below that ch i Veces sary for their operation, whereby the operator is pre vented. from starting the cer unless he has suicient pressure at hand for the operation of the brakes.

A further object of the invention is to provide, in

brakes and simultaneously cutting oft the propelling power for the elevator, means on the car, Within veenvenient reach ofthe operator, lor controlling :said pneumatic means, and means for indicating to the ope-rotor the condition of the pressure, so that he :na-y know at dangerous condition that may arise.

Other objects ol the invention will hereinafter ap Fig. l is a. sectional elevation oi the shaft and eer, with parte 'broken ov ery, the section being titifenon the line me of Fig. 5; Fig. 5 is bottom plan 'vieiv of the cer; Fig. t3 is e. detail sectional view of the automatic power out .oft mechanism; Fig. 'I is a. similar view of s. modification of the seine, Fig. 8 is o. similar view of the governor Eind certain cooperating parts of the yspeed controlled mecha-n' in; 9 is n. sectional 'View oi one ot the brake cylinders; Fig. l() is en elevation of the broke shoes; Fig. ll. is o. section-tl ,View o the opereL toils brake-controlling, valve; Flo. l2 is afcletail sectional View of one end ot 'the auxiliary reservoir. Fig. 13 is e. view, shoe-'ing a diogrammatieol arrangement of certain parte o-rny improverl system which do not afpponr in Fig and Fig. 14 i" sectional elevation .oi an electric cuter 5. operating means therefor,

Corresponmng.pe are in iezited by the sainereference numerals in the different views.

iviy improved air hr ed to elevators oi any of the usual. types, Whether .repell ig power ther to l yfiraeiic, eleetric, or mtl the guide rails ties which cooperate 'Wit-beech other go to maire up my improved system, com- 90 prise en euxiliary' 'reservoir el, an operator-s breite-I 'controlling valve 5,

braking mechanism 6, preferably arrange-cl "-1 dupleate, a. set on each ,side of the car, automatic por eufot mechanism 7, automatic spoedcontroil. d ui 8, the various air supply .du s'eonneeted and cory reservoir 4 is can Le eer .i er .s ty 'bolted or otherwise d te the under side there s shown, This-reset# Voir is designed to hold e charge o Stir under e pressure of approximately seventy pounds to the square inch, Ialthough of course this exeet pressure is not essential to the effective operation-lof the system. The said reservoir i is permanently connected with a. main compressed oir reservoir 4a, Fig. 13) or other suitablesouroe of wir under pressure, through the xed pipe or Conduit; 9, which extends to a. point .midway between the upper and lower ends of said shaft, and the ilexible pipe-10. The free end of the liexible pipo 10 is provided with a coupling piece 1l which connects said pipe with la lioilow casting 12 seeured .to one of the heads of thel auxiliary reservoir 4. This casting-12 is provided with a central chamber 13 and with a valve casing 14 located within the reservoir 4. The chamber 13 communicates through al passage 15 with the valve Vcasing 14, and in the latter ismounted a check valve 16 which is normally held in its closed position by the seating spring 17 which acts against a head or shoulder 18 on one end of the valve stem and against a perforated diaphragm 19 in the valve casing through which the stem of the valve passes. The auxiliary reservoir 4 being sup-y plied with air u nder pressure from the'main source of supply through the pipes 9 and 10, coupling piece l1,

chamber 13, passage l5 and valve casing 14, it will be obvious that as the valve 16 is normally held in its closed position by the spring 17, if the pressure Within the auxiliary reservoir 4 falls, due to leakage or to the operation of any of the devices which are supplied with air therefrom, the balance of the valve 16 will he disturbed; the latter will be opened, due to the inw creased pressure on the under side thereof, and the normal pressure within the reservoir 4 will be restored. As soon as the pressure on opposite sides of the valve 16 is equaized, the same will close either by gravity or through the action of the seating spring 17. Furthermore, should there he any leakage in the connections between the main source of supply and the auxiliary reservoir 4, theche'ck valve 14 will serve to retain the pressure already in the reservior 4, so that the brakes will still be operative. J'"

The coupling piece 11 on the free end of the flexible pipe l0 is connected to an extension on the casting l2 having a port. 2O therein, with which thc coupling piece directly communicates, a port 2l, above thtl port 20 wand a passage 22 leading from the ports 20, 2l, to the` central chamber 13. Also connected with said cxcnsion and communicating with thtl port 2l therein. by 'mcansof the coupling pit-ce 23, is-.t pipe 2-1 whiclrloads up to a pressure indicator 25 located within the cnr inv plain view of the operator. 'lho indicator 25 is a douhle'indicator, the same boing provided with hands or pointers 26, 27, the forno-r boing designed to indicate the pressure in the pipes loading ironrthe main source of supply to tbc auxiliary reservoir 4, and thev latter'being designed to indicate the pressure in the reservoir 4. The pressure withinthc pipiI 24 controls the movements oi the hand or pointer 2li. Accordingly, should'thcre be anylcak in the pipes S) or l0, in the couplings ll or 23, or inthe connections between 1said couplings and the casting l2, it will be iniiiodiately indicated to tho operator by the position oi the hand 2G andthe necessary provision may be made for correcting,r or overcoming such leakage. lhe auxiliary reservoir thus connected therewith a pipe 28 which communicates in a manner to lie-hereinafter described with a pipo 25J also loading to the indicator 25. 'lhe pressure in the reservoir 4 and iu the pipes 28 and 29 acts upon the hand or pointer 27, sii that should there be any leakage, or undue rise or fall of pressure, in the -reservoir 4, itfwill be instantly.indicated to the operator by the position of the hand 27. Ol' course il' the indicator shows that tht-rc is insnIlieient pressurein the reservoir for .the operation of the brakos, tl1e operator should not start'his car. The particular construction oi the indicator 25 has notbeeu shown or dcscri bed, as it l'orms no part of my present invention and as such devices are old and well known in theI art.

The operators brake controlling vulve 5 includes a. casing 30 having a vulve chamber 3l nt its center, a cylinder 32 at one end and an opt-rating lever 33 at the opposite end. (,omnmnicnting with the valve chamber .3l/artthe ports-35, Citi and 37, and communicating with the cylinder 32 is a port'. 38. A transverse poi-t39 connervfts the inner end of the cylinder 32 with the port .'7. A rcciprocut ing vulve or valve meinber 40 lor controlling thc ports 35, 3B und 37 is mounted in the chamber 3l, the same boing normally held to its seat by the spring 4]. This valve is provided with a port or recess 40, which when in one position connects the ports 3G and 37 with each other, and when in another position connects the ports and 3U with cach other, and said valve may be operated either manually or automatically.- The manual opt-ration is cffeeted by the lever 33 which is iulcrumed at 42 upon a bracket on, or an extension of, the casing 30. This lever is conntmted by means of the link 43 with the valve 40, so that when saidlcver is moved in one direction or the other, a corresponding movement will be imparted to said valve. The lower part of the lever 33 is mounted within a segmental casing 44 provided with notches 45 (preferably V-shaped) with which a downwardly spring-pressed holt 4G on the lever 33, coperat es. These notches are three in n umher and are so spaced apart that the intermediate und two endpositions of the lover 33 may be readily determined and indicated. ln thc movement of the lever 33 from one of its positions to another, a click will he produced when thc bolt. 46 enters any ont` of the notches 45. Said lever will also be held frictionally in any one of its three positions. The automatic operation of the valve 4() is effected by means o'i-tho piston 47 in the cylinder 32 which is connected by a link 48 with said valve. The particular conditions under which this automaticoperation ol'vlllc vulve takes place will be lwrcinul'tcr more t'ully described. 'lhe pipe 28 heretofore referred to 'as loading from the auxiliary reservoir 4, is coniugi-tod to the casingfltl ofthe valve 5 and communicates with the port 35. The pipe 29 which loads to tho indicator 25 is also connected' tothe valve casing .'50 and connnunicntcs with the pipe 28 through the port| 45). The port 36 connnunicates with a pipe 50 leading to thc cylinders olf the two sets of braking mechanism (5, in a manner to be described later, and the port 37 `coinrnunicatcs with an exhaust pipe 51 which preferably leads down through the floor of the ear l and discharges beneath the bottom thereof. The port 38 communicates with pipe 52 which in'turn leads to the valve of the automatic speedl controlled 1ncchanis'm 8, which will be moro'l'ully described later.

llio braking mechanism (i has been shown as duplicated, one Het of braking devices being located on nach sido 'ol the car so as to cooperate with the guide rails 3 or with any other form of gripping mil, cable or the like which may be substituted for the guide rail. Each Het of braking mechanism comprises abrako cylindcr 53 bolted or otherwise secured to the bottom oi the car 1 or to the supporting girder i'or sii'eh bottom. The body of' the cylinder 53 is formed in a single casting with the bracket or frame 54 by which it is supported from the bottom of the car, and also formed integral therewith, is what 1 term a gudeway bracket 55 which guide 5s wtichsuses on 'the guide rail s. This guideway bracket 53, however, may be dispensed with und er certain conditions, for example, lwhen the depth fof the elevator shaft or pit is insuilcient to permit of so long a projection beneath the bottom of the car, or

v when a separate gripping rail is employed for the brakes to operate upon, and in Fig. 10 of the drawing I have shown the brake cylinder 53 without such guidewaybracket thereon. Pivotally supported upon the bracket or frame 54 and extending downwardly from their pivotal connections therewith are a pair of brake shoes 57`which embrace the web of the rail 3 and are preferably formed with roughened surfaces adjacent to said y web. Withinth'e brake cylinder 53 is a piston 58 whose piston-rod 59 is connected through the links and 61 with levers 62, 63, ulcrumed upon ears 64,

65, on the sides of the cylinder 53. lThe links'O are ananged in pairs, as are also the links 61, the members .of each pair being located respectively upon 'opposite sides of the head of the piston rod 59 and oi the levers 62 and 63. The outer ends of the levers 62 and 63 areconnected through the pivoted links 66 and 67 rso with the brake shoes 57, so that when said levers are rocked in one direction or'the other, they will move said -brake shoes toward or away from the gripping rail The normal position of the piston 58 is that in which it is shown in Fig. 9 oi the drawing. That is to say, it is normally located at a point near the outer end of the cylinder 53 in which it is mounted. It is held or' urged to this position by means of a coil spring 68 lo-` cated Within the cylinder and bearing against the depressed or recessed inner head G9 thereof. An opening 70 is formed in the outer cnd of the cylinder 53 to -which a pipe 71 'is connected. This'pipe leads to each of the cylinders 53 on opposite sides of the car and is itself connected with the pipe 50, heretofore referred to as leading from the casing of the opcrators brake controlling valve 5.. Through the pipe 7l air under pressure may be admitted to the outer end of the cylinder 53 behind the piston 58 therein. When pressure is thus admitted to thc cylinder 53, the piston l 58 is forced inwardly toward the center oi the car against the force of the spring 68. This action through the links 60, 6l, expands or separates the innerrends of the levers 62', 63, and ,forces inwardly the outer ends of said levers, which latter action `in turn forces the brake shoes'57 into frictional engagement'with the rail 3 and effects the desired braking action. As soon as the pressure is relieved from the cylinder 53, the parts are returned to their normal positions through the action'of the spring 68, the said spring forcing the piston 58 outwardly, and, through the connections described, ywithdrawing the brake sheep, 57 from their contact with the rail 3. The braks'shoes are thus normally held away from the rail so that no rubbing,

'abrading and consequent wearing action of' these vthe peculiar construction,

, tions with the brake shoes,

of the'brake cylindersI 53,

l 55, is th'a'twtt enables nie to assemble these parts in 'the l moet compact'riorm' so as tonobtainuthe moet perfect .action thejvgrestest economy in space. At' the same time, by reason of the construction shown and the compactness in the arrangement of the parts thereof, the ycost of manufacture is minimized, and the installation fa.cilitated,-but one alinement of the parts being required.

The glide rails 3 have been shown and described as the parts with which the brake-shoes 57 coperate. lIt is possible to use the ordinary guide rails for'this purpose when they have sufficient strength, as they frequently do, but when my improved system is applied to old installations having guide rails oi wood, it `will be necessary to employ separate gripping rails or cables for the brakes, the same being preferably in the form of T-rails secured within the shaft.

The automatic power cut-off mechanism has been shown in connection with a well known form of motor controlling means for elevators, consisting of a hori- -zontally disposed rock shaft 72 mounted in suitable bearings beneath thefloor of the car, laterally-extending arms 73 on` said shaft, a motor controlling sheaveV 74 at the bottom of the elevator shaft 2 and a crossed cable 75 secured to the ends of said arms and passing around rollers 76 mounted on opposite sides of said sheave;v The rock shaft 72 is actuated in the usual manner'by the operators power controlling lever 77 which extends up into the carl 1 within convenient reach of the operator and is mounted in a segmental casing 78 provided withl a central notch 79 in its upper edge with which the spring actuated bolt 80 on the lever 77 cooperates. The operation of this'form of motor controlling mechanism is old and well known and a. detail description thereof is not thought necessary. It may be said, however, that when the controlling lever' 77 is at its central or vertical position, with the bolt 80 in the notch 79, the propelling motor forthe elevator is cut off and when moved in one direction or the other away from this vcentral or'vcrti# cal position, the motor will be thrown into operation to either raise or lower the car. 'The automatic power cutoff mechanism 7 which I have shown in connection with the devices just described, is not, however, limited in its use to this particular form of motor con-v trolling means, but is adapted to be used in connection with any form of motor controlling means whether the same be clectricalor mechanical. This automatic power cut-off mechanism comprises a cylinder 8l adjustably secured to the under side of the car adjacent to the rock-shaft- 72, by means of the bracket 82, the threaded bolts 83 which are secured to or form part oi said bracket andpass through lugs 84 on the sides of the cylinder 8l, and the nuts 85 on said bolts on opposite sides of said lugs. The purpose of this adjustability of the cylinder 81 is to provide for its location in proper position with respect to the rock shaft 72. Within the cylinder'81 is a piston 86 Whose piston rod 23T/'projects through the head 88 of said cylinder and is itself provided with an external head 89, as clearly The piston 86 is normally hcld- 'in its retracted position, that is, in a position adjacent to the head 90 of the cylinder 8l by means of acoil spring 91 125s which bears against said piston at one end and against the head 88 of said cylinder at the other.

v To limit the movement of the piston'86 toward the rock shaft 72, and to adjust the length of stroke of said piston in accordance with the relative positions of said 130 with.

roclr shalt and the cylinder 8l., the head 88 of said cylinder is provided with an inwardly extending externally screw-threaded boss 92 on which is mounted a nut or threaded collar 93. By adjusting the position ol the nut 93 on the boss 92, it will be obvious that the length of the stroke o the piston 86 toward the rocle.Y

shalt 72 may loo conveniently and accurately regulated, The purpose of this adjustment is to prevent any. jamming action between the head 89 on the piston rod 87 and the rock shaft 72 or parts connected there- Bolted or otherwise secured to the rock shalt 72, as an attachment to said shaft, is a tappet arm 94 whose active face has been shown in a plane coincident with or parallel to the side edges oi theoperato1"s power controlling lever 77. The tappet arm 94 and the head 890i the piston-rod 87 are arranged to cooperate with each other, so that when therpiston 815 is forced i outwardly toward the rock shalt 72, the head 89 will be part ol' thetappet arm 94.

brought into engagement with the tappet arm Q4, in Whatever position this yann may be, and turn the shalt 72 to the position which it is caused to lassume when the propelling power of the ear is cnt ofi. That to say, whether the rock shalt 72 has been turned by the lever 77 in one direction or the other for cutting in the propelling motor ior the purposoof raising and lowering the car, said rock-shalt will be automatically returned to the position it assumes when the power is eut nii-that is, its upright or central pisition,-wh(m the piston 86 is forced outwardly, as the head 89 ofthe piston rod 87 will act upon either the upper or lower i The piston tll is actuated by air under pressure .entering the cylinder 81 through the head 9() thereof from a pipe 95.` This pipe extends upwardly from the cylinder 8l and terminates i`n the easing 9G oi a two-way valve 97. l This valve casing con nicts with the pipes and 5l., whielrhave heretofore lwenl'eferred to as extending from the casing of the operators brake (,'ontrollingr valve 5, and the valve 97 therein controls the communication between the pipes 5U and 95, and 95 and 5].. The normalposition oi 4the valve 97 is with the handle 98 thereof raised. At this time the pipes 5() and 95 are in open communication one with the other. When the valve 97 is turned to the position shown in dotted lines, communieation between tinl pipes 5o and J5 will be cnt off, and communication betweeu.tln pipes (l5 and 5l will be eslablished. Now il, will 'be remembered that the pipe 5I) leads `to the two brake cylinders 53, 1When, therel'ore, said pipe 5() is charged with air under pressure l'or the purpose ol' applyingl the brakes, 1ho pipe. 9.3 will. also. be charged with air under pressure, which will enter the cylinder 8l `:ind servi'- to operaie the power controlling mechanism in the manner heretolore lleseribed. vThus. when the brakes are applied, the propelling power ol' the cui' is antonmlieally ent oil'.

ln order to relieve the pressure in the cylinder 8l Jfrom,

behind thepisto'n 86 therein. the wirr-.97 is turned to the position in which it is shown in dotted lines. At

I such timothe pipe .l'will be lln'own into i'onnnnnila 5l and the air under prescontrolling mechanism includes a rope or cable 98 which extends through the car in the shaft, and which is pulled downwardly when it is desired to raise the elevator, is pulled upwardly when it is desired to lower the elevatorand is held stationary when it is desired to stop the elevator. cut-oli, which is thrown into operation when the brakes yare' applied, is equally adapted for use in connection with the cable 98, operating in the manner just reierred to.' When such a cable is employed, the cylinder 8l is located in comparatively close relation to said cable, as shown in Fig. 7 of the drawing, andthe head 8'.) 'of the piston rod 87 acts directly on saidcable, colnirating clamping means, such as the rollers 99,

' beingT employed on the opposite side o said cable.

With this form of device, when the brakes are applied the piston 8G is forced outwardly and the cable 98 is held against movement relative to the carby being gripped between the head 89 of the piston rod 87 and the rollers or other equivalent means 99. When such cable 98 is thus held, the propelling power of the ele-4 Sli and 37 with each other, While the port 35 is closed. At any time when it is desired to apply the brakes, the

My improved automatic power y At such time, the recess or port 40 in the valve member 40, connects the ports opcratinglever 33 is moved from the position `in whichy l it isshown, `to one ol its other two positions. In an emergency, or when it is desired to apply the brakes quickly, and with the greatest available force, the lever :ill is swung over to the extreme limit ol its movement. The recess 40'L in the valve member Al0 then connects the ports :l5 and lli one with the other. As the port 35 com mnnienl es with the pipe 28 leading from the auxiliary reservoir 4, and as the port 36 connects with the pipes 5U and 7l leading to the brake cylinders 53, it will be seen that when the operating lever 33, which controls the movement ol the valve member 4l), is shifted ,to the position last described, the brake cylinders will be supplied with air under pressure from the auxiliary reservoir -l over the followingpath: pipe 28, port 35, recess lll of valve member '10, port 36, and pipes 50 and 7l. This air under pressure entering the cylinders 53 behind the pistons 59 therein will force the latter inwardly toward the eenler oi the car, against the action of 'the springs (i8, and through the piston rods 59, links 60, 61,'

levers (S2. 63, and links lili, 67, will force the brake shoes 57 into engagement with the rails Swith sulicientorce to inptantly 'arrest the movement of the heaviest car.

Ill)

ln order to apply the brakes upon each side oi the car,

there l'ore. it is merely necessary lor the operator to shift the lever 323 from itsnormal position to the limit oi its stroke in tho opposite direction. li' it be desired teapply the brakes gently, the operatinglever 33 is moved to a posit ion intcrmixliale the ends oi' its stroke, that is, t0

a, position in which the spring bolt 4G rests within the' As the` `movement ol' the valve member 4i) is effected by tlfe" operating lever 33, it will be obvious that when said center notch 45 in the segmental casing 44.

'ineke o lever ie in the meniened position, aile ref seid valve member 40 Wili only' port Thai; if; to say. one end o ie in' apositielq. ntersecaiog the emi, Such. time, although he poma 36 are eo one with the other, the passage through h: be restricted ed conseq eentiytse merle@ pres' from ille auxiiierj reservoir i to "che maize c' e 53 will Elow more eiowy :md Wii act o appijf the brakes in e more menne?. L As heretofore iriiea'sed, fee pipes 53 e116. S5 arene?" madly in communication. with euch other two-Way Vaive 97. Whe, therefore, che ber 4G is moved bythe opera 11g lever 33 to open. ff mfmiceiiun between rire our; iii-ry' leser-veis' fi,

infiere 53, through the perte 3G, a pei i tering the pipe 50 a te upper Wli pass through he 1re-life 97 int-e pipe 95, ami then@ 'oW te the cyinder 83. of the automatic mWer cut-@E och :mism 7, 'Entering this cylinder the seme acte to force l outwardly the pistol; 86, agains; the action of vthe spring in open communication with each the tarppetv arm 94 or the rock sii-aft '72, serves io y scribed, between the muil Ary reservoir #L and cylinders 53, and between said reservoir a x6.

91, andthe head 89 oir the piston. 1:06. 8'?, activ said rock shaft to the positie; which ii, occupies when the car ieat rest. That te say, it grime zhe reel: Shaft 7 2 in. one direc ion. 'er the other F1o *phat the sims 73 silex-eci ing @heave ciirmiitancee7 it oioxfs thm the hoisting ropes er sane other pmt wouid either be brok To reiease tiA brakes anni power Gi conroliiiw' the i or oemageri. Lore o the @pene-o1* ,le @eik- 1g meter igiu'ougii the Sear-y to return h le said niemeer e iormai pm 5.11 Fig. 1l of tile dfi' ne shown the ormectiens zibeve deke der 8l of the automatic 'power eilt-oli broken by the doeme of the upper erld o;

,A i the pews emi cess 4l?? or" 'the vave niemeer 'iyl," in tie esile-pe to he et over the 'Jiowing through 'he pip/ce 7l 1i o cylinder 83 through tire pipe 50,' alici from he pipe 54)' 40E oi mii/2e 4G, and the exhaust pi e Uh'e thus reiievei of preesur shoefi 57 eretumed to il the kcomieeion beweer When the pressure ie r off mechanism. bjr 'the eet posities?. abre h the :reti-2m, of the me heed 891m die end. or "the piston rodi 'ii ouf;- ei @aib oi inovemenb of the tappet fue rock :'f it 72. oneequentiy, tile rock hg? e lever '27: and the prof reo'oir mi the ce1 ,ie infime emned. to elle contrai of the bre'e may be released and the power of yeoix propeiling maior returned en the opereer, .E21 tbs; momie? jest described, that is, by reurnng valve epemteg liever to noi-'mai position, it ie' -t that momie ne proviie r retumi g the power: ei e he propeiiing meo'r the operator,

` c; @bie may be the valve Q7 5o the posion Shown in e, l :md 1l of he drawings, At auch o is out o? m the pipe 50, ami is mmurxica--iou with the exhaust pipe 51. The preeeuie in ie eyinfer 8l 01% the automatic power meeiiariem time relieved, Whie the p eeellre in 'i/1e bra-ire cylind ai-e523 is mainaiieci.- The brekes are 'time held applis@ Whereae; through the aotion of the .g in the cyl'der 81, the heed 539 on the piston u its engagement with the tappel; :um on the rock shaft 72, and the operator is givem'c0 11-. trol of the motor. The om' may at such time 'be lowered eowly indire sha. by grad.' moviiig theever 33 of the operaiaefe omi-:e contre] ing 'valve 5 toward its iler@- mei goainion,

The ai-ion of the bi lzes, with the consegue' operation oi ille automatic power- 113-o meohamarx, above esci-heel eiu'' 'which is eeoe threugi the mnua operey en. ef die opeimtof ceuroilng vaive 5 off Wed Toylliiuing he iev-er 33. xl addition to this opemton of the brakes and fue @mammie power entf on. of the operator, I have orovided means Wherebyvhe brakes may beeui-omatv-- Ey ave-oiled emi the popel'ng pewe'r othe eeifetol'r miie@ aiy en?, O W n the Speed e the eas: iii one di'ec'ion or the oh i seeds e. eert; piedeermine 105 'ey means oi *Fie auto-meti which his been hereio 'the .reference numeral Si' be e In order that its 'oreeisedi however, i?, should 110 srioes 57, when eppiief,

u ihey J`mii when The said. bleke sheen are .,iererice to Fig. l@ of he 3'.' l5 e are actuated the man ii 'bear against i nde area of mraccelerated beyond the point of safety, I provide for the condition of danger which. would exist in the event that the hoisting ropes of the car should break. With such an accident the tendency'of the car would be to fall by gravity from the point Where the breakage occurred to the bottom of the shaft. This, however, would involve au accoleiation of the movement of the car in a down Ward direction which would throw into operation the automatic speed controlled mechanism lor applying the brakes.

The speed controlled mechanism 8 comprises a casing bolted or otherwise secured to the under side of the car 1, the said easing consisting of the end brackets 100, 10]., provided with periorated arch'shaped webs 102, 103, constituting the heads of the casing, and .having central bosses 104, 105 thereon. The bracket 101 is extended inwardly from the web 103 thereof the said extension 100 forming a part of the sides and bottom of said easing and being provided with elongated openings 107 for a purpose which will presently appear. The easing referred to is completed by the curved sides and bott om which are formed by ast-rip ol sheet metal 108 secured at its ends respectively to the extension 100 of the bracket 101 and toa flange extending around-the periphery oi the web 102 ofthe bracket 100. Within this easing is a `governor, represented generally by the numeral 109, which controlsavalve 110'." The easing ol' this valve is provided with a central diaphragm 11.1 having an opening 112 therein whose walls constitute the `valve seat, and said casing is connected on one side oi said diaphragm by the pipe 113 with the auxiliary reservoir 4, and on the other sideof said diaplu'agm with the pipe 52, heretofore referred to as communicating through the port 38 with the cylinder 52 at one end oi the casing 30 'of the operators brakerontrolling valve 5. The :valve 110 is normally closed by the univ-able valve member or needle 11.4, which coperates with and normally lies in Contact With the scat 112, the said member 114 being urged to its closing.;r position, and being normally held'upon itsseat 112. by a coil spring .1.15. The said spring is iuclosed Within a hollow arbor 11.6 exterulil'lg through and secured to the boss104 in any suitable manner, and bears against. a shoulder I7 at one end of said arbor and against a collar ll'i'on the stem of the valve or valve member l t4, The arbor 110, as indicated, is lixod in position, and extends inwardly Within the casing between the brackets 10() and 101, `which constitute the ends thereof. 1t is somewhat elongated, and its outer surface within said casing is cylindrical, so as to form a bearing for the longitudb n-.illyinovable member oi' the governor 109. The stein or' thovalve 11.4 also extends inwardly through and beyoiid the end of the arbor 116 and carries an adjustable collar 1.19 for a purpose 'which will presently appear.

Extending through and secured Within the boss 105 of the bracket 1.01. is a bearing bolt 120, having an enlarged portion 121, within said boss, anda head 122 on i .its i nner end. Mounted for rotation upon the enlarged portion 121 oi said bearing bolt is a sheave 123.,` which, asshown, is entirely inclosed within the extension 1.06

4oi' the bracket 1.01, opposite the elongated openings 107 therein. The governor 109 which controls the valve 11E) consists of the longitudinally movable member 124,

in the form of a sleeve mounted on the arbor 1.1.6, .the flexible straps 125, and the balls or Weights 126 attached to said straps at points intermediate their ends. One` end of each of the straps 125 is connected to a .tlange 127 on the inner side of the sheave 12,3 adjacent to its hub,

and the other end of each of said straps isconnected to the hollow extended portion 128 of the sleeve 124..

The said sleeve 124 is capable of turning and longitu .sheave 123 is related, its turning movement will be transmitted to the sleeve 124; and the balls 126, through the straps 125. sition the head 120 ofthe sleeve 124 will be slightly separated from the collar 110 on the stem of said valve. As the speed of rotation of the shcave 123, in either di rection, il'icreases. the balls 120 will be thrown outwardly by centrifugal torce, which action will bow the straps 125 and draw the sleeve 124 toward the shcave 123. When the head 129 comes into engagement with the collar 110, any .further inward movement of said sleeve will move the valve 114 with it and separate it trom its seat 112. The collar 1.1.9 is adjustable on the stem of the valve 114, so that the position at which the When the valve 114 is in its closed po sleeve `124 is capable of acting upon the valve 114 may l 132 eut in the arbor lll. whichextends to the periplr ery of said arbor as shown. The lubricating material [lows by gravity to the bearing surfaces. Similar lllbricating means l'or the bearing between the shtave 123` and the bearing bolt 121, have also beeirillustrated. the

sannconsisting ol' an oil cup 1321, pipe 134 leading from the bottom thereof, and a port 1.515 extending through the bolt 121. and termin-.uiucr at its periphery.

The governor is operated by the movement of the car 1., and when the speed ol' the car attains a certain predetermined limit, the governor acts to open the valve and establish comniunication between the auxiliary reservoir Aland tho eylinder32 el the operators bralre-controlling valve 5. To effect this transmission o motion from. the car to the governor, I employ a rope or cable 130, extending vertically of the sha-it 2, and passi ng around ythe sheave 123. This cable is sustained from a bracket 1117 at the top of the shaft, extends downwardly therefrom, passes around a shoave 138, mounted in a bracket 139 secured to the under lside of the car 1, adjacent to the side oi the shalt, thence passes around the she-ave 123, thence around a second sheave 1.110, also mounted on the lnac1;cl;.l.39, parallel to the sheave 138, and thence extends downwardly to the bottom oi the shalt. v1n order that there may be no slipping` oi the cable 13G on ,the sheaves 123,138and 140, I employ a slaelc take-up mechanism at the bottom of two guide rods 143. The roller 1411 is mounted in Means have been shown soupes 7 bearings in avweighted block 144 through openings in A thi: sides of whichthe guide 4rods 143 pass. This block 144 tends to draw downwardly upon the cable 136, and to maintain good lrictional Contact between said cable and the sheaves 123, 138 and 140 at all times. This action may be augmented by the coil springs 145 sur-l rounding the guide rods 143 and acting upon the upper deel the block '144. From the foregoing description it will be seen that'as .Twill ,be rotated at a speed proportional to the speed ofv yn ovoveinent oi said. car, this rotation of said sheave being effected bythe cable 136 which passes around it and the sheaves 138 and 140 in the manner justdescribed 1i the speed oi the carv eitherl up or down increases, the

speed of rotation of sheaves 123 will correspondingly increase, and the balls 126 oithe governor 109 will be thrown' outwardly by centrifugal iorce.- l the speed oi the car, due to accident or otherwise, exceeds a certain predetermined limit, the sleeve 124 oi the governor 109 will be moved so that the head 129 thereof will be brought into engagement with the collar 11,9 on the stem of the valve 114, and thel latter valve will be opened lnstantlylthe brakes will-be automatically applied with sufficient force to arrest the movement of the car, and lat the saine time the propelling power for the elevator he cut off. This-is effected'in the iollowing mannerzrWhen the valve 114 is opened, communication' will be established between the auxiliary reservoir 4 and the cylinder 32 of the operators brake controlling valve 5 over the following path: Pipe 113, valve 110, pipe 52, and port 38. The air 'under pressure enters the cylinder 32 behind the piston 47 and forces the latter to the right, carrying with it the valve member 40 until the latter assumes the position' heretofore del, tentionally, or because oisorne accident, due to the death, absence, or incapacity of the operator, or to the breakage of the hoisting rbpes, vthe dangerous condition is yinlinediotely removed by instantly cutting oflthe power andl applyingthebrakes. When the 'valve 11()v opened, and the air under pressure enters the cylinder H32 behind the piston 47, in the manner just described, the said 'visten 471s moved until the port 39in the valve casing 3011's uncovered. This is not done,'oicourse,

until the valve member 40 has been `moved so as roepen. communication between the ports 35 and 36 and the' brakes havefheen applied, but yas soon as the brakes have been yapplied and the speed of the car has been arrested, the valve 114 recloses through the action of the springyl'l. As soon as the piston 47 reaches the position where the port 39de opened tocommunication with the outer end of the cylinder 32, the air in the pipe 52,

port 3S, and cylinder-32 behind the piston. 47 is per.

mitted to escape through the port 3.9 and the exhaust pipe 51. Thus, as soon-as the valve 4G' has been autothe car vIt 'moves up and down in iis shaft, .the sheave 123- matically movedV to such position as to applythebrakes *and cut off the power, the valve 11(1.is automatica.lly` 'returned to its normal closed position, and the'pressureb v 1 current is supplied to the motor through the Wires149,

lbehind the-piston .47 removed. The valvev 40 is then f under the control of the operator through the handle 33, and the automatic speed controlled mechanism is ready iorimmediate action again as soon as a ldangerous condition, due to an increased speed of the car, arises.

As the propelling motor forfthe car isantomaticlly cut off as soons the brakes are applied, it will'be seen"v that the brakes maybe 'employed for locking the carat any i'loor, ior purposes of .loading orvunloadk'ilig .the

saine, without in any way straining the hoisting ropes or v hoisting machinery and without the danger of the hoist-V ing mechanism on propelling motor acting in'oppositiontothe restraining 0I-.locking power of the .brakes which would tend to injure or break someof the parts.

- nIuaddition to those features of my 'inventionwhich have'been described, I have' provided means for autornatically throttling the .propelling motor for the car when the air pressure for the brakes falls y'below that which i's'necessary to effectively loperate the same.

Thus, thev operator yis prevented from. even starting his car unless there is suilicient power at hand'to provide for the operation of the brakes and'care for any accident which may occur. This feature of my invention is illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14 oi thedrawings, -and while it comprehends theuse of any form of propellingmoho".

for the car, the same has been illustrated' in connection with a well known type of electric motor. This motor -145 operates a hoisting'drum 146, and is controlled the motor controlling sheave 74, the sheave 14?,"nd the cable 148'which passes around saidsheaves and transmits the movement of the former to the latter. When the sheave 74 is tilted or shifted by theopeifation a corresponding movement will be transmit-todito the irl the controller box 148 to stop, reverse or vary the speed of themotor.

As all of this mechanism is: old' lub of the rock shaft 72, in the manner heretofore described,

sheave 147, and the latter will act through the rheostat v and well known, it is not deemed necessary to go into :a detail description thereof. It is surlcient to say that 150, trema generator or other suitable source of supply,

and that a cutout 151 is provided inthe motor circuit. The main compressed air lreservoir 4 which supplies the auxiliary reservoir 4 on the car, through the pipes 9 and 10 heretofore referred to, the former having are-v ducer 152 therein, is normally maintained at a pressure of, say, one hundred pounds to the square inch-,by Y one or the other of the compressors 153. Each of these compressors comprises an engine cylinder 154 and two compression cylinders '155, the engine cylinders being I supplied with steam from any suitable source through the supply pipe 156. From the latter pipe lead two branch pipes 157 having valves 158 therein by means of which one o the compressors may be cut offwhile the other is in operation. Also located in each of the pipes 157 is a pressure-controlled valve 159, the samecommunicating with the interior of the reservoir 4 and held normally-closed by-the pressure within said reservoir. Each of said valves 159 is provided with a spring, how ever, which when the pressure within. the reservoir 4 falls, serves to open its valve and throw one or the other of the compressors 153 into operation. -This cnstruc 130 tion provides for maintaining a constant pressure within the main reservoir 4*. stitutes a throttling device for the motor, comprises a cylinder 160, connected at one end through the pipe 161 with the reservoir 4., Within this cylinder is a piston 162 which is acted upon by the pressure in the main reservoir 4,, in one direction, and by the spring 163, in the opposite direction. The tension of the spring 163, may be adjusted by the screw 164. On the base of the eut-out 151 are two pairsof contacts 165, 166, and 167, 168, the ends of the two parts of the wire 149 being connected .to the contacts 165 and 166, and the ends oi the two partsof the wire 150 being connected to the contacts 167, 168. Cooperating with these contacts are the switch blades 169, 170, theysarne being pivoted, respectively, to the contacts 165 andlG' and adapted, when depressed, to engage the contacts 166 and 168, respectively. Tlese .blades have been shown as L-shaped, one oithebra'nches of each being forked and operatively connected to the piston 162. When -there is sullcient pressure in the compressed air reservoir 41 to force the piston 162 outwardly the cylinder 160, the blades 169 and 170 will be thrown into engagement with the contacts 166 and 168, and the circuit through the wires 149 and 1.50 to the motor 145 will be closed.` This will Vbe the normal position of the parts when theinotor is in operation. But should the pressure within the res crvoir 4 fall, itywill be obvious that the motor circuit through the wires 149 and 150 will be broken through the action of the spring 163 in forcing the pistonk 162 rearwardly, and the consequent action of said piston in. separating the blades 169 and 170'iro1nltlie contacts 166, 168. The pressure in the reservoir 4, however, which acts upon the piston 162 in the cylinder' 160, is the same pressurewhich supplies the auxiliary reservoir on the car, which through the comieetions described, operates lthe brakes. When, therefore, the

i pressure in the reservoir ifL falls below that which is necessary for the operation oi the brakes, either through the failure oi the compressors 153 to operate, or 'from any other cause, the propelling motor lor the cle- Vator Will be automatically throttlcd'or cut ofi, so that.

the` operator is prevented. Irom even starting his car when there is insuiiicient pressure at hand to operate the brakes.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. ln an elevator all' brake system, pneumatic means for autmnatically,r cutting olf the propelling power for the elovutor when the brakes are applied.

2. In an elevutor air brake system, brakingY devices, power cut on? mechanism, and coiiperating pneumatic means for throwing both into operation at the same time.

.'5. ln an elevator' air brake system, braking devices, power cut-off mechanism, and pneumatic means for throwing the braking devices into operation and `automatically actuating.;- the power cut-oit mechanism.

4. In im elevator air jbrakc system, braking; devices,V

power cut-oft mechanism, means forV throwing the braking devices into operation, and pneumatic means, automatically thrown into operation at the same time, for actuatlng the pulver cut-oll mechanism.

5. In an elevator all' brake system, a brake, a broke cylinder' through which the same is operatori, power eluted, and means for simultaneously supi' under pressure to both oi' said cylinders.

6. ln an elevator air hrukf system, a brake, a brake -cylindcr through which the same is operated, power out off mechanism, a cylinder through which `the latter is op- The cut-out 151 which con-` erated, means for simultaneously supplying fluid under pressure to both of said cylinders, and means for independeutly relieving the pressure in the cylinder for the said connections for opening communication between Said reservoir and both of said cylinders.

8. In an Yelevator air brake system, a brake, a brake cylinder' through which the same is operated,- power cutoil mechanism, a cylinder through which the latter is operated, a reservoir for fluid under pressure, connections between said reservoir and said cylinders, a. valve in said connections for opening communication between said rcselgvoir and both of said cylinders, and a second valve fon independently exhausting the pressure in the cylinder for the cut-olf mechanism, as andy for 'the purpose set forth.

9. In an elevator air brake system, a brake, a brake cylinder through which the same is operated, power cub oil mechanlsma cylinder through which the latter is operl ated,a reservoir for fluid under: pressure, an operators brake controlling,r valve, comprising a casing having a `plurality or' ports therein and o. movable valve member-.controlling said ports, a pipe leading from said reservoir to one of said ports, a pipe leading from said cylinders to another of said ports, and means for operating said valve meinberfor the purpose of opening and closing communication between said ports.

10.111 an elevator air brake system, a brake, a brake cylinder through which the same is operated, power cutoi mechanism, a cylinder through which the latter is. operated, a reservoir for fluid under pressure, an operators ln'zlikecontrolling valve, comprising a casing having :i series of ports therein and a movable valve member controlling' said ports, a pipe leading from said reservoir to one o1' said ports, a pipe leading `from said brake cylinder to another of said ports, an exhaust pipe leading from the third of said ports, a 'valve' casing connecting the exhaust pipe with the pipe leading to the brake cylinder, a two way valve therein, a pipe leading from the cylinder for thecutoil':` mechanism to the casing of said two-way valve, and means for operating the valve member of the operator-s brake controlling valve.

il. 1n an elevator air brake system, a brake, a brake cylinder' for operating the same, power cut-oit mechanism vcomprising a motor-controlling sheavc, a cable operatively connected therewith, a rock shaft, and laterally extending arms thereon secured to said cable, a tappct arm on said shaft, a cylinder, a piston therein having a head adapted to engage said tappct arm for returning said shaft to its normal inoperative position, and means for simultaneously supplying fluid under iiressure to both oi said cylinders, whereby the brake will be applied and the propellingr power for the elevator cut oil.

In an elevator air brake system, a hruke, a brake cylinder, a piston therein, operative connections between the piston and brake, a reservoir for iluid under pressure, an operator-s `llrake-controlling valve, comprising a casing having a series o ports therein and a movable valve menu her for controlling said ports, pipe ,leading from said reservoir to one oi' said ports, a pipe leading from said brake cylinder to ,the other of said ports, the third ot' said ports discharging into the atmosphere and constituting anexhnust, and means for operating said valve member for connecting said brake lcylinder with said reservoir, :it one" time, und'wlth the atmosphere or exhaust, at :1nother time.`

i3. l'n an elevator air brake system, a brake, a brake cylinder, a piston therein, operative connections between the pis )n and brake, a reservoir for fluid under pressure, rin ope ors brakescontrolling valve, comprising a casing havingr .l plurality of por for controlling 'd portsf a pipe leading from xrvoir to en epf said ports, apipe leading from said broke cylinder"tothe other ofsaid ports, the third of said ports t schurging into the atmosphere and constituting an exhaust, nmnual means for operating said valve member,

therein und n'movable valve iss 'of the elevator.

vtomatlc means being controlled by the speed of movement a 14.l In an elevator air brake system, a brake, a brake cylinder, a piston therein, operative connections between the piston and brake, an 'operators brake Controlling valve.

comprising a casing havini.,r a valve chamber therein and a v'leries o ports communicating with said chamber, a movrableL valve member controlling said ports. and means for hoidingsaid valve member to its seat, a reservoir for tluid *under pressure, a pipeleading from said reservoir t-o one oi said ports. a pipe leading from lsaid brake cylinder to `another of said ports, the third port communicating with Athe atmosphere and constituting an exhaust, and means for operating said valve member to e thlish-comnninieation hetwcen said reservoir and said brake cylinder, at one lime. and hctwcen said ln'ake cylinder and the atmosphere, nt another time.

15. 1n an elevator air brake stcm, a lirake, a brake cylinder, a piston therein, operative connections hetwecn the piston and hrake, an operators ln'ake controlling, valve, comprising acasing lxavint,r a valve' chambci therein and of `ports communicating.: with iid chamber. a reciprocating.; valve incmhcr controlling said ports. and means for holding,r said valve memher to its t. a re .rvoir for tluid lunder pr reservoir to one of said ports, a pipe leading from said brake cylinder to another' of said ports. the third port communicating with the atmosphere and constitutingr an exhaust, an operating.: leve and connect ions between the said lever and said valve mcmhcr, whereby the latter may he shifted ,from one of its positions to another to opt-n commun' tion hetwccn the anxili: y, reservoir and the brake cylinder, at one time, and hetween the hrake cylinder and the atmosphere, at, another time.

1li. In an elevator air hrakc sy' cm, the comhlnation 'with z reservoir i'or tluid under pressure and a brake cylinder through which the hralcing devices arc actuated. ol' an operator-s hrake controlling valve, comprisingY a c sing having a valve chamhcr therein and-a series ot' ports leadiriglnlo said chnmher, n pipe leading l'ronl said reservoir to one ol" said pori der to another of s ports, the third pori. counnunicatin".r with vthe atmosphere and constituting an exhaustt a mova'hlc valve menthcr in the chamhcr oi said casing' controlling said ports, means for holding said valve mcnlhcr lo its sent, manual means tor actuating said valve meunier. and automatic lmeans for actuatingr the same, the d autorrlltlilc menus heilig.: controlled hy tite spced of movement oi the car.

' 17. ln un elevator ait-brake system, :t hrake, pneumatic means for applying the hrakc a governor controlling.; the hrake applying means, the said governor bclin,r cai` 'lcd hy the car and includiuel a shcnve through which it isv actunted, and a i irl-ly stal ionar caille passing around said nheave, whereby thc brakes will hc :mtomatirally applied Whmn certain prcdctermiucd speed is attained hy the ear, in either direction. v Y

1S. ln an elevator brake sysicnun brake, power cni-ofi` mechanism, and I neans controlled hy the speed oi.' movement ol' the car 1`or applyiln,r the brake and actuating: the

il). lin un elevator air brake-system. a hrake, power cut.- oif mechanism, meant,l t'or applying the hralce und simultaneously actuating the poner cul-oil mechanism, a governor controlling the brake-appiyine' and power eut-off actuating, means, the said governor beine; carried hy the car and including a sheavc throtnrh which it is actuated, and a relatively stationary cablepassinpr around said sheavc, wheres hy the hrake will be'applicd and the power cnt-oli' mechnnism actuan-d when a certain |n'edeternllned speed ls attained hy the car in either dit tion.

20. ln an elevator nir ln'ake system, n brake, manual and automatic means [or applying the hrnke, the automatic means inciluding a governor carried hy the env nml having a idleaye through which it is actuated, anda relatively umtionary cable passing around said sheave, whereby the brake will he Aapplied when a certain predetermined speed il vattained by the enr ln either direction.

ure, a pipc Icadin;r from said t pipe leading,r t'rom said ln'alie cylinbrake into operation and actuating the power ent-off mechanism, the automatic means being` controlled hy the speed .ot movement` ot' lhe car'.

'In an elevator air hrake system, a hrake cylinder through which the intake. is operated, a source oi'supplwY for tin-ld onderin-esame, and means controlled hy the speed of movement of the ear for automatically openingconnections between said source of supply and raid cylinder-and for continuously maintaining the same in open condition, wherehy the hrake is applied. and held applied, hy the entire pressure within the Source. of supply,

2.'. in an elevator air hrake system. a brake cylinder through which the brake is operated. manual means tot.' opening', and continuously maintaining open, the connec tions hctweeu said source ol` supply and said cylinder, and moans. controlled by ilu` speed of`mo'vemen'tof the cat'. t'or automatically cticcting thc lsame result. whereby the hralce is applied and held applied by the entire pressure within salti source o1' supply. y

24'. In an elevator air brake stem. a hraln cylinder llirolte'h which the ln'akc is operated. power cniroii' mechanism. a cylinder throu'fh which thc power cui-oli mechanism is automatically actuated, and means controlled hy the spccdoi movement ot' the car l'or s|1ppl,\'ng.;\ir under pr: succ lo both ol' said-cylinders. f ln an elevator air braltc stem. a liralce v,cylinder through which thtl brake is operated. power cul-otT mechanism, a cylinder throu'gh which the power cut-oli mcchanism is aulonmticaliy actuatedv in anual 'means [or su'p piyincy tluid under pressure tn hoth of said cyiimlcrsjalul lncuns. controlled hy the spccd ut` movement ut' the cal', [or auttnnatically ctl'ccting.; the same result,

2d. in an elevator air brake s\.l'cm, a brake cylinder throne-h which lhe hralois operated. a rcscrvoir t'or ltluid under pressure. and tnt-ans, controlled h'y the speed of mori-ment ot tin` car, t'or automatically cs .lidia-hing and continuously maintaining' connnunlcation between salti res crvoir and said hrake t iindtl'.

ln an elevator an' hralto vsienc a ln'akc cylinder through which thc brake is oper: cdfa reservoir for tluid under pressure, manual nti-ans i'or cstahiishini: and continuously maintainingr connnunicaiion hetwccn sid l'cs'ervoir and cylinder. and means. controlled hy the speed oi murcmcnL ol the car, inr automatically eilt-cling; the saine resultY 22s'. ln an clcvalor air brake system, a brake cylinder through which the ln'akc is operated, power .cut-oil tnt-chanism, a cylinder through which said power cnt-oi`i` mechanism is automatically actuated. a reservoir 't'or tluid under pressure. and means, controlled by the speed ofvmovemenl;

,ot' tho car, lor automatically establishingl comlnunical-lon anism, a cylinder4 through which said power eutol mech y anism is VLlomalically actuated, a reservoir foriluld under pressure, manually operated means for establishing communication betwccn said reservoir and both olsaid cylinders and means, controlled hy thc speed of movement of tin ar, ior automatically ell'eeting lhe same result.

Iill. in un elevator all' brake svslcm, a hrt te cylinder through which the brake is npc ed, a reservoir t`or tlllld under pressure, a normally closed valve in thc connections hetwccn said reservoir and-ryllndcr, adapted to he operated hy the pressure from said reservoir, separate connections between .said rcscrvnlr'and said valve, whereby the saine is actuated, a second valve ln said separate connections, and means, conlroilcd/ hy the speed ot' movement ul thc car, for automatically nctdnling' said second valve, whereby the l'ormer lvalve in opened and communication is estuhlished and continuously maintained between said reservoir and In'nke cylinder.

:i in an elevator air hrake system,

ahrake cylinder aniim, a cylinder through lwhich the power eut-oli' meenanism is automatically actuated, a reservoir for' iluid nnder pressure, normally closed connections heiwccn Bald reservoir and Bald cylinders, a valve controllingI said conneetions,` and means, conti-oiled hy the'speed oi' movement Aof the cui', for automatically actuating said valve and openlng uuid connections.

through which the hrake is operated, power cut-oli' meelr will be actuated, and communication will be established 21;. In an elevator alrbrake system, a brake cylinder through which the brake is operated, a reservoir for lluid under pressure, a normally closed valve in the connections between said reservoir and said cylinder adapted to be operated vby ille pressure l'roln said reservoir. manually ope'- ated means for actuating: said valve, separate connections between the reservoir and said valve whereby the latter is `actuated, a second valve iu said separate connections, and

means, controlled by the speedy ot' movement of the carfor autolnatically aciuatln, said second valve, wherein the former valve is opened and comnnmicntion is established and continuously maintained h ,-l\vceu said reservoir and brake cylinder.

33. ln an elevator air brake system, a brake cylinder through which the brake is .iperated, power cut-oli lucch-` anism, a cylinder 4tin-ouah which said power cut-olf mechanism is automatically actuated, a reservoir for lluid under pressure, normally closed connections between `said reservoir and said cylinders, a valve controlling said connections, manually operated means for actuating said valve toopen said connections, and means, controlled by the speed of movement of the car, forautomaticallyactuating said valve to effect the same result.

i-l. In an elevator air brake system, a brake cylinder through which the brake is operated,y a reservoir for iluld under pressure, an operator's brake eontrollinnvalve, com-l prising a casing having a plurality of ports therein,`counections between said reservoir and one of said ports and between said cylinder and another oi said ports, a valve member controlling; said ports, and means, controlled by the speed oi movement of the car, for autoimitically actuating said valve member toconnect said ports one with the other.

.'25, in on elevator airbrake system, a brake cylinder through which the brake is operated, a reservoir for liuid under pressure, 'an operators brake controlling,r valve, comprising a casing having' a plurality `of ports-ther n, connections between said reservoir and one of said ports and betweensaid cylinder and lanother of said ports, a valve member controlling said ports,'manually operated moans for actuating said valve member to connect said ports one with tbe other, and means, controlled' by the speed of movement o1' the car, for automatically actuating said nvalve member to accomplish the sume result.

.'iti. In an elevator air brake system, a brake cylinder through which thc brake is operated, power cut-oft mechanism, a cylinder through which the power cu o lucchauism is automatically actuated, a re voir for lh'ild under pressure, anbperator's brake controlling,r valve, comprising a casini; 'having a plurality ot' ports therein, connections between saidroservoir and one of said poi-ls and between said cylinders and the other ol? said porls, a valve member controlling;` said ports, and means, conti-oiled by the speed of movement of the rar, for automatically actuating said valve member to connect said porls one with tlm other. i l

'l. ln an elevator air brake System, a brake `cylinder through which the brake is operated, power cut-olf mechanlsm, `a cylinder through which the power cut-oli.' mechanism is vautomatically actuated, ,rescrvoir tor linid under pr nrc, an operators bakel tontrollingvalve, comprisiut: a casing having a plurallty'ol ports therein, connections between saidl reservoir and one of d ports and between said cylinders and the other of. said ports, a valve member controllingsaid ports, manually operaled means for actuating said valve member to connect said ports one with libc other, and means, controlled by the speed "of movement of the car, for automatically actuating said valve member to eilect the same result.

HS. lll an elevator air brake system, a brake cylinder through which the brak-e is operated, a reservoir for lluid under pressure, normally closed connections between said reservoir andcylinder, a valve *controlling said connections, agcylinder having,7 a piston therein through ywhich said valve is actuated to open saidrconnectlons, coainecI tions between said reservoir and the latter cylinder, a normally closed valve therein, and a governor actuated by the moven'ient of the -car for controllingy the latter valve, whereby when the car attains a. certain predetermined speed, the latter valve will` be opened, the former valve 3l). ln an elevator 4air brake system, a brake cylinder through which the brake is operated, a reservoir for fluid ander pressure, normally closed connections between said reservoir and brake cylinder, a valve controlling said connections, manual operating means for said valve, for openinv,r and ciosini,V said connections, a cylinder, a piston therein operatively connected to said valve, connections between said reservoir and the latter cylinder, a normally closed valve therein, :1nd a governor actuated by the movement otthe car for controlling the latter valve, whereby the former valve mayY be operated, by hand, to establish communication between the reservoir and'lhe brake cylin der, and whereby when the car reaches a certain predetermined speed, the latter valve will be opened. communication will be established between. the reservoir and the cylinder for the former valve, and said former valve will be automat lly actuated for establishing: communication be tween the reservoir and the brake cylinder -ltL In an elevator air brake system, a lsake cylinder thereby, connections between said reservoir and the ladercylinder, a valve therein. and n covernor controlling the lutter valve and aciualcdby the movement ot the car, whereby. when ille car reaches-a cerlain predelerniined speed, the latter valve will be opened, the former valve will be actuated by the linid under pressure from s: 'd reservoir. the brake will be applied and the -automatic power cul-olimechanism will be operated.

11. 1n an elevator air brake system, a brake cylinder through which the brake is operated, power Cut-olf mechanism, a cylinder thro ich which the power cut-olli mechanism is automatically actuated, a reservoir for lluid lunder pressureA normally closed `connections between said reservoir and said cylinders, a valve controlling said connections,-

manually operated means for actuating said valve to open s id count-etnias, a cvlindelyfa piston therein ,connected with said valve for operating it to open the connections ,'iinirolled thereby, connections between said reservoir and the latter cylinder, a valve therein, and a governor conlroiline; the laitier valve and actuated by the movement of the ear. whereby when the car reaches a certain predetermined' speed. the latter valve will be opened, the former valve will be actuated by the tluid under pressure from said reservoir, the brakes will be applied, and the automaticv power cnt-off'mechanism will-be operated.

l'., in au elevator air brake system, a brake cylinder exhaust pori. and connect the ports leading respectively tb the r ci-voir and to the brake cylinder, a cylindefwsecured to said easing, a piston therein connected to sa'id valve n-.cinber for operating it, a pipe leading from said reservoir to the latter cylinder, a normally closed valve in said pipe, and a, governor actuated by the movement of the car for opening the latter valve, whereby when the car reaches a certain ln-edetermined speed, an` under pressure ls admitted behind said piston, `said valve member is shifted from one of its positions to the other, and eomnmuieation is .established between the reservoir `and -the brake cylinder for applying: the brake.

45". In an elevator air brake System, a brake cylinder throne-h which the brake is operated, a reservoir for fluid under pressure, an operator brake controlling valvecom prising a casing having a valve chamber thereinand a ils 

